Основные свойства кислот:
1. Действие на индикаторы. лакмус - красный
метилоранж – розовый в растворах кислот
2. Кислота+ металл
2HCI + Mg=MgCI₂ +H₂↑
H₂SO₄ + Fe =FeSO₄ +H₂↑
3H₂SO₄ + AI=AI₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂↑
3. Кислота+ основной оксид
2HCI + MgO=MgCI₂ +H₂O
H₂SO₄ + FeO =FeSO₄ +H₂O
3H₂SO₄ + AI₂O₃=AI₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂O
4. Кислота+соль(согласно ряду кислот)
2HCI + CaCO₃=CaCI₂ + CO₂↑+ H₂O
H₂SO₄ + BaCI₂ = BaSO₄↓ + 2HCI
2H₃PO₄+ 2AIBr₃=2AIPO₄↓ +6HBr
5. Кислота+ основание
2HCl+ Ca(OH)2 = CaCl2 + 2H2O
H₂SO₄ + 2KOH = K₂SO₄ + 2H₂O
2HNO₃ + Ca(OH)₂ = Ca(NO₃)₂ + 2H₂О
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