Grammar 1 Complete the sentences. Use the past perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
1 We couldn’t help the police. We (not see) the crime.
2 By the time I got home, my brothers (eat) all the pizza.
3 The car was in the car park, but vandals (smash) the windows.
4 When Mum and Dad got home, we (tidy) the whole house.
Mark /4
2 Complete the sentences. Use the past simple or past perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
1 When the police (arrive), the joyriders (run) away.
2 The thief (hide) the jewellery by the time the police (search) her house.
3 The detective suddenly (remember) that he (not question) the shopkeeper’s wife.
Mark /6
Vocabulary
3 Complete the crime words. Then use them to complete the sentences.
m_g _ _r s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _rs a_ _ _n b_ _g_ _ _ _ v_ _ _ _l_ _ _
1 There’s a lot of in the city. There’s graffiti and smashed bus stops everywhere.
2 The police officer investigated the fire and said that it was .
3 They caught the when he tried to use my credit card. He’d already thrown away my handbag, though.
4 They now have security cameras in the department store to catch .
5 I couldn’t sleep at night after the . We’ve got an alarm on the house now.
Mark ___/5
4 Complete the text with the words below. There are two words you do not need.
armies folklore injustice outlaws rulers struggle thief
The story of Robin Hood is very old, but there are modern stories with similar themes. In many westerns, for example, there are men who are 1 because they have committed crimes. Sometimes they are the heroes: they save people and fight against 2 , like Robin Hood. Sometimes they are the bad guys and the hero must 3 against them and fight them. In many other stories we read about bad kings or other powerful 4 . They are cruel and their 5 use violence to make people do what they want.​

The territory occupied Vinnitsa modern man dwelt from time immemorial. Archaeologists find here tools Neolithic Bronze Age burial , early Slavic settlement from the chernyakhivska culture. Since the mid- tenth century. territory of the modern city and its surroundings has been inhabited and Tivertsy convict , was part of Kievan Rus, and after its collapse moved to Galicia-Volyn principality . After the Mongol -Tatar invasion, life for some time out from the shores of the Southern Bug.
Vinnitsa base associated with the name Theodore Koriatovichi , nephew of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Algirdas . In 1363 ( according to some sources in 1362 - m) , he laid a wooden fortress on high steeper below the confluence of the Bug left its tributary - river Vinnichka . Castle Hill Tract , addressed in the XIX century in the quarries, by 1890, disappeared completely turned into the foundations of houses and urban roadways . The name " Vinnitsa " occurs already in a document signed June 13, 1385 in Cracow King Wladyslaw Jagiello . Of the many versions explaining the name of the city , perhaps the most likely ones that are based on the following words: " Vinnitsa " - distillery where wine brewed beer , Old Slavic " vno " - posag dowry received Koriatovichi , and Vinnichka - river .
Small wooden castle among other steppe fortifications , of course, was not pleased Horde . From 1400 to 1569 he was subjected to thirty times only major attacks , burned and rose again on the Bug. Layout Vinnitsa castle can be seen in the regional museum.
Castle represented in terms of a rectangle measuring approximately fifty to seventy meters. Walls made of Gorodnov chopped pine and oak beams in the cage , had a height of about six meters each. On the inner side wall represented braid like Týn - from vines with clay plaster . Over a six-meter indoor blank wall was arranged chopped parapet - blankovane or oblanki - which left holes for shooting - podsyabitya ( under smiling beat ) - of gakovnits or guns. From the yard along the walls were lined with sheds - storage ; roof served their dais where evolved different supplies for the defense - pads , rocks , etc. : Defense at the right time all flew on the heads of enemies , and an hour of silence and going again evolved on the platform . Here stood a wooden trough with water in case of fire . In the corners and over the gate tower loomed chopped - vezhi with access to blankovane . The towers were installed cannon. Travel portal tower closed drawbridge - uzvod . In the center of the courtyard was a church of the Intercession , located near offices and outbuildings. Immediately well and a secret passage to the river. Day went on blankovanyam watchman at night - hooping . And only occasionally castle guarded by a special military guard - Drabov garrison . It is at times because not always been formidable and impregnable castle . Thus, according to the audit in 1471 there was only one gun and two squeaked .
In the second half of the XV century Vinnitsa by Alexander Kazimirovich privilege already enjoyed Magdeburg law . Municipality an elected magistrate , which included glad - Board of eight members headed by the mayor , the lava - the court of five fins with login and headed commune of twelve

The territory occupied Vinnitsa modern man dwelt from time immemorial. Archaeologists find here tools Neolithic Bronze Age burial, early Slavic settlement from the chernyakhivska culture. Since the mid-tenth century. territory of the modern city and its surroundings has been inhabited and Tivertsy convict, was part of Kievan Rus, and after its collapse moved to Galicia-Volyn principality. After the Mongol-Tatar invasion, life for some time out from the shores of the Southern Bug.

Vinnitsa base associated with the name Theodore Koriatovichi, nephew of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Algirdas. In 1363 (according to some sources in 1362-m), he laid a wooden fortress on high steeper below the confluence of the Bug left its tributary - river Vinnichka. Castle Hill Tract, addressed in the XIX century in the quarries, by 1890, disappeared completely turned into the foundations of houses and urban roadways. The name "Vinnitsa" occurs already in a document signed June 13, 1385 in Cracow King Wladyslaw Jagiello. Of the many versions explaining the name of the city, perhaps the most likely ones that are based on the following words: "Vinnitsa" - distillery where wine brewed beer, Old Slavic "vno" - posag dowry received Koriatovichi, and Vinnichka - river.

Small wooden castle among other steppe fortifications, of course, was not pleased Horde. From 1400 to 1569 he was subjected to thirty times only major attacks, burned and rose again on the Bug. Layout Vinnitsa castle can be seen in the regional museum.

Castle represented in terms of a rectangle measuring approximately fifty to seventy meters. Walls made of Gorodnov chopped pine and oak beams in the cage, had a height of about six meters each. On the inner side wall represented braid like Týn - from vines with clay plaster. Over a six-meter indoor blank wall was arranged chopped parapet-blankovane or oblanki - which left holes for shooting - podsyabitya (under smiling beat) - of gakovnits or guns. From the yard along the walls were lined with sheds - storage; roof served their dais where evolved different supplies for the defense - pads, rocks, etc.: Defense at the right time all flew on the heads of enemies, and an hour of silence and going again evolved on the platform. Here stood a wooden trough with water in case of fire. In the corners and over the gate tower loomed chopped - vezhi with access to blankovane. The towers were installed cannon. Travel portal tower closed drawbridge - uzvod. In the center of the courtyard was a church of the Intercession, located near offices and outbuildings. Immediately well and a secret passage to the river. Day went on blankovanyam watchman at night - hooping. And only occasionally castle guarded by a special military guard - Drabov garrison. It is at times because not always been formidable and impregnable castle. Thus, according to the audit in 1471 there was only one gun and two squeaked.

In the second half of the XV century Vinnitsa by Alexander Kazimirovich privilege already enjoyed Magdeburg law. Municipality an elected magistrate, which included glad - Board of eight members headed by the mayor, the lava - the court of five fins with login and headed commune of twelve chelovek.Vinnitsa marvelous city