Объяснение:
1)CH4+Cl2=(hv)CH3Cl++HCl;
2)2CH3Cl+2Na=CH3-CH3+NaCl;
3)CH3-CH3+Cl2=(hv)CH3-CH2Cl-CH3+HCl;
4)CH3-CH2Cl+2Na=CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3;
5)CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3=(Al2O3)CH3-CH(CH3)-CH3.
Алкены:
1)CH2-CH2-CH3=(Ni,t) CH2=CH-CH3+H2;
2)CH2=CH-CH3+HCl=CH3-CHCl-CH3;
3)CH3-CHCl-CH3+KOH=(Спиртовой раствор,t) CH2=CH-CH3+KCl+H2O;
4)CH2=CH-CH3+H2=(Ni,t) CH3-CH2-CH3.
Алкадиены:
1)2CH3Br+2Na=CH3-CH3+NaBr;
2)CH3-CH3=(Ni,t)CH2=CH2+H2;
3)2CH3-CH2-OH=(Al2O3,ZnO)CH2=CH-CH=CH2+H2O+H2;
4)nCH2=CH-CH=CH2=(Кат.) [-CH2-CH-CH-CH2-]n.
Алкины:
1)CH3-CH3+Cl2=(hv)CH3-CH2Cl+HCl;
2)CH3-CH2Cl+KOH=(Cпиртовой раствор,t) CH2=CH2+KCl+H2O;
3)CH2=CH2+Br2=CH2Br-CH2Br;
4)CH2Br-CH2Br+2KOH=(Cпиртовой раствор,t) CH≡CH+2KBr+2H2O.
Арены:
1)CaC2+H2O=CH≡CH+Ca(OH)2;
2)3C≡CH=(C(активированный,t) C6H6;
3)C6H6+CH2=CH2=(H+)C6H5C2H5;
4)C6H5C2H5=(Ni,t) C6H5CH=CH2.
1)
дано
m техн(Na) = 10 g
W(пр)= 5%
V(H2)-?
m чист (Na) = 10 - (10*5% / 100%) = 9.5 g
2Na+2HOH-->2NaOH+H2
M(Na) = 23 g/mol
n(Na) = m/M = 9.5 / 23 = 0.413 mol
n(Na) = n(H2) = 0.413 mol
V(H2) = n*Vm = 0.413*22.4 = 9.25L
ответ 9.25 л
2)
дано
m(ppa KOH) = 450 g
W(KOH) = 25%
CuCL2
m(Cu(OH)2)-?
m(KOH) = 450*25% / 100% = 112.5 g
CuCL2+2KOH-->Cu(OH)2+2KCL
M(KOH) = 56 g/mol
n(KOH) = m/M = 112,5 / 56 = 2 mol
2n(KOH) = n(Cu(OH)2)
n(Cu(OH)2) =2/2 = 1 mol
M(Cu(OH)2) = 98 g/mol
m(Cu(OH)2) = n*M = 1*98 = 98 g
ответ 98 г
Объяснение:
