KOPPO~WR - m npoqecc ca~onpooro pa3pylue~n.n merannos rrpn HX
XHMH'leCKOM. 3neKlpOXHMHqeCKOM UJIH ~HOWIMH~~CKOM B~~UMOA~~~CTBHH C YaCnillaMH
olcpymamuefi cpenu KOPPO~HOHH~I~ npoueccu ~OCRTCR K ppw owcnnmb~o -
~occra~osmb~a~x pea~uwii, B KOTOP~IX ~emm ncerna RBRR~R ~ocmosHTeneM, a
qacmqbl 0~pyxaIo~leii Cpenbl ~blcrynaw~ B ponn owcnm. Hm6onee
paC1rpOCTpaHeHHblM OKUCnHlWleM RBJlAlXCR iWMO~f&pHbIfi KUCnOpoA.
Pa3JIHqaIUT X&iMHqeCK)'IO, 3JlekTpOXUMH'leCKYK) H ~HOXHMH~~CK~IO KOPpCl3HK).
Xnm~qeclcau KOPPO~HR ~e~anno~ - m pmpyuleeae ~emmoa non neiic~~uem
arpeccnmbrx ~OB npw B~ICOKHX TeMnepaTypax (rmo~m KOPPO~HR), a Tame
papyueliue M~OB B pacTBopax ~e3nelrrponn~os, r.e. B Henpoeomunx cpenax.
~HOXHMW~CK~R KOPPO3HR Bbl3blBamR XCH3HeAeJTIZJlbHOCTbK) Pa3JIlll(HblX
MWKPOOp~aI~U3MOB, HCnOnb3yIOll(UX MeTaRn B KaSeCTBe ITH~a~eJlbH0fi CpCnbl.
EWOKOP~~~WR 06blq~0 COqeTaeTCR C npYrHMH BUmH KOPP03HH. ,&In ee pa3BHTHJT
~aw6onee ~JI~I'O~~HJTTH~I n0qBblOnpeneneHHoro cocrasa, 3ac~oRHble BOAbl H HeKoTOpble
opratinrecKwe nponynbl.
3ne~~pox~rnn~ec~a~ KOPPOPHR BcrpeqaeTCn Sue ~pyrnx BH~OB KO~~O~UOHHO~O
papymeHnn H nau6onee onacHa rn Merannos. Ona MOX~ npoTeKa-rb B rmo~oii
a-ruocaepe, Korna Ha nosepxtiocra vaanna BOSMOXH~ KoHneHcaqnR Bnarn
(~TMOC~~~H~R KOP~~~HR), B llOqBe (~OVB~HH~UI KOPPO~HR), B ~0JleH0fi H wH0fi Bone.
B 3a~wcu~ocrw OTxapampa pa3pylue~~ii npn 3nelrrpom~~rec~ofi KOPPOSHH
PaZnH~iWOT CrUlOUlHVtO KODD03HK). 3aXBaTbtBaIoqYIO BCK) nOBepXHOCTb MeTaJlna U
3JIEKTIQXMMM~ECKASt KOPPOSMX
OKHC~UT~JI~M IIPH ~JI~KTPOXHMU~~CKO~ KOPp03HM MeTaJlJlOB MOReT 6bl~b
paCTB0peHHblfi B Bone KMCJIOpOfl. B 3TOM Cnyqae rOBOpRT, qT73 KOPP03HR npOTeKaeT C
~ncnopon~oii ~enonnpusauneii:
O2 t 41p + 4e - 211~0 ( pH*) EO= +1,228 B
O2 t 21i20 + 4e -- 40K (pH=7) EL +0,8 1 B
O2 t 2 ti20 + 4e - 40K @H=14) E0= +0,40 1 B
'fa~n~ o6pa30~, B ~ncnoii cpene noneepraTL.cn ~opposwu c ~ncnopon~oii
~efl0JIJTpH~~ueii MOryT MeTaJWhl, CTaHnap~~blfi 3JlelClp0flHblii nOTeHqHaJl KOToPblX
OpnuaTenbHee 4 1,23 B, B t~eEirpartb~oti'+o,81 u qenos~ofi - o-rpkqarenb~ee t 0,4B.
AKTWBH~I~ MC'I'aJIJlbl B KHCJ~O~~ CpeRe KOppOnHpyIOT C BO,~OPO.L~HO~~
flenodln~w3alluek, T e B KalleCTBC OKnCnkiTenR BMCTynaIOT ~B060n~ble HOHbl BOllOPOlla
2H' t 2e - (pH 4) EO - 0 R
3
