Crime has been around us for many centuries. Every day when we open a newspaper or turn on TV almost all we read or hear is about criminals and their illegal actions. According to the law, people who commit a crime must be punished, imprisoned or even sentenced to a death penalty. Without punishment our life in the society would be less secure, although sometimes punishment isn’t strict enough, to my mind.
Some kinds of crimes are as old as the human society (such as stealing, pick-pocketing, vandalism, assault or domestic violence, murder and manslaughter), others are a more recent phenomenon. Armed robbery of stores and banks, hacking into computers (so called “cyber frauds”), corruption or forgery of money and documents, for instance, are some of them. The 20th century has also seen the appearance of organized crimes such as drug-trafficking, drug-smuggling and hijacking. Statistics show an alarming rise of violent crimes and crimes to do with the illegal sale of arms across the world. Unfortunately women and children often become the victims of crime. Sometimes criminals kidnap rich people or their kids and ask for a ransom to be paid for them.
Besides violent crimes, there are so called “white-collar crimes” in our modern society. These are frauds when a person isn’t physically threatened or hurt. Among them are tax evasion (when people are accused of not paying taxes on purpose), bribery, identity theft (when a criminal steals personal information of another person in order to use his credit cards or bank accounts, for example).
To crown it all, we must regret that today a great deal of crimes is committed by teenagers who want to become independent as soon as possible and to find a royal road to getting much money. Teenagers use drugs and drink alcohol, so they can’t control themselves. Moreover, modern TV programs and films containing much violence and sex often have huge and negative influence on teenagers.
In conclusion I should say that crime prevention in our society is an extremely difficult and complicated task because we should change our social and moral principles at large.
Перевод
Преступления окружают нас многие столетия. Каждый день, когда мы открываем газету или включаем телевизор, почти все, что мы читаем или слышим – это преступники и их противоправные действия. По закону люди, совершившие преступления, должны быть наказаны, заключены в тюрьму или даже приговорены к смертной казни. Без наказания наша жизнь в обществе была бы менее безопасной, хотя иногда наказание бывает недостаточно строгим, по моему мнению.
Некоторые виды преступлений стары, как само человеческое общество (такие как воровство, карманная кража, вандализм, разбой и домашнее насилие, умышленное и непредумышленное убийство), другие виды стали более недавним явлением. Вооруженное ограбление магазинов и банков, взлом компьютеров (так называемый «кибер-криминал»), коррупция или подделка банкнот и документов, к примеру, являются некоторыми из них. 20-й век также увидел появление организованных преступлений, таких как контрабанда и незаконный оборот наркотиков и захват самолета. Статистика показывает тревожный рост жестоких преступлений и криминала, связанного с незаконной продажей оружия по всему миру. К сожалению, часто женщины и дети становятся жертвами криминала. Иногда преступники похищают богатых людей или их детей и требуют за них выкуп.
Помимо жестоких преступлений, в нашем современном обществе существуют так называемые должностные преступления. Это мошеннические действия, когда человеку не угрожают физически и не причиняют боль. Среди них – уклонение от налогов (когда люди обвиняются в преднамеренной неуплате налогов), взяточничество, хищение персональных данных (когда преступник похищает личную информацию другого человека с целью использования его кредитных карт или банковских счетов, к примеру).
Ну и наконец, мы должны с сожалением признать, что сегодня большое количество преступлений совершается подростками, которые хотят стать независимыми как можно быстрее и найти легкий добычи денег. Подростки употребляют наркотики и алкоголь, поэтому они не контролируют себя. Более того, современное ТВ и фильмы содержат много жестокости и секса и часто имеют огромное негативное влияние на подростков.
1) This is my brother Taras. He is a student. He has many friends. They are students, too.
My name is Denis. I am a schoolboy.And have a lot of friends. They are schoolchildren, too.
This is Rita. She is my classmate. She is a nice and pretty girl.
This is a teacher. He is a clever and kind man.
This is a classroom. It is big and clean.
This is a boy. He is little. That is a girl. She is little, too. The children are in the yard. They are happy.
This is a factory. It is a toy factory. It is big.
My uncle and aunt are farmers. They have a farm in the village.
My mother is at the hospital. She is a doctor. She is a good doctor.
My sister and I are at home. We are hungry.
2) That is a man. I see him , too.
We are in the yard. Granny is with us.
That is a new teacher. I like her.
Can I help you? This bag is too heavy.
I have two little brothers. I play with them.
Could you give me a red pencil, please?
Give him a copybook, please!
Give her a pen, please!
Give them a book, please!
3) I have a friend. Her name is Olga. She has a dog. Her dog is big and clever.
My brother is a student. There is a computer on his desk.
I have a lot of books. That is my bookcase. It is very big. Its legs are short and its shelves are long.
This is my granny’s new house. Her windows are white and clean. Her roof is red. Her walls are grey.
This is my little sister. Her name is Alice. She has a lot of toys in her room.
My uncle and aunt live in a village. Their farm is very big and nice. There are a lot of domestic animals on their farm.
We live in a new house. Our flat is on the tenth floor. I like our flat very much.
4) 1. My brother, my mother, my home, my friends;
2. your ball, your Cup, your window, your hands;
3. his sister, his father, his apples, his books;
4. Her cat, her rabbit, her dress, her toys;
5. our parents, our flats, our pens;
6. their notebooks, their houses, their computers.
5)The boys’ sister-their sister, the girl’s cat - her cat, the cat’s ears-its ears, the cats’ ears- their ears, the dog’s nose- its nose, Rita’s face- her face, the face of the clock- its face, the faces of the clocks- their faces, mother’s hands- her hands, the hands of the clock- its hands, the girl’s legs- her legs, the legs of the table- its legs, the legs of the chairs- their legs, Rita and Max’s parents- their parents, Oleg’s friends- his friends, the parrot’s head- its head, the bear’s honey- its honey.
