Задание III. Read and translate the text The ancient Romans discovered a mineral on the slopes of Mount Vesuvius.
The mineral when mixed with limestone and burned, produced cement that
hardened under water as well as in the air. This cement was harder and stronger
than the ordinary lime mortar they used.
As time passed, the new material not only became the preferred type for use in
all their building projects but changed the character of Roman construction.
Masonry of stone or brick was used to construct only the surfaces of masonry
piers and walls but the interiors were filled with large amounts of the new type of
mortar. Thus we can say that the Romans were the inventors of concret
constructions.
With the fall of the Roman Empire, knowledge of concrete construction was
lost. But in the 18th century English inventors began experimenting with both
natural and artificially produced cement.
In 1824 artificial cement, named Portland cement, was patented. This type of
cement soon became very popular and the name Portland is in common use in the
present day. Portland cement does not come from a place of that name; it was
called Portland because Joseph Aspdin, the English builder who invented the first
scientifically made cement, thought it resembled the rock on the Isle of Portland on
the Dorset Coast.
Задание IV. Answer the following questions.
1. Who discovered a mineral on the slopes of Mount Vesuvius?
2. How did the Romans produce cement?
3. What material changed the character of Roman construction?
4. What materials did the Romans use to construct the surfaces of piers and walls?
5. How did the Romans use the new type of mortar?
6. Can we say that the Romans were the inventors of concrete constructions?
7. When was artificial cement, named Portland cement, patented?

Easter — it’s a big religious holiday, because Christians celebrate the Resurrection of Jesus Christ. The date of celebrating changes every year.It falls on one of spring Sundays. Seven weeks before Easter — it is the Lent. People must not eat the animal products and meal 7 weeks.People prepare for the celebration during the last week, which we name Holy Week. Of course, the customs related with this day are different in every country.For example, Easter Cakes and Easter eggs are the traditional food in several countries. Women bake Easter Cake on Friday, this day was called Good (or Holy) Friday.

    On Saturday women dye the eggs. Red color is traditional color of eggs, but this tradition changed a little bit.Nowadays we can see on the Easter table the eggs of different colors. In the Saturday evening, Christian people go to church. The Easter mass lasts all night.The priest consecrates the food in the morning. People go home for breakfast after the ceremony. The first food that they eat is the blessed food.

Объяснение:

Відповідь:Easter is an important holiday in Ukraine.Preparations start in Lent.During this time people fast,so they can't eat rich rich or sweet food.

The week before Easter,Holy Week,is busy.On Maundy Thursday,people clean their homes and Good Friday,they make Easter bread and decorate eggs.

On Easter Day,people take food,such as pysanky and paska,to church for the priest to bless in the service.Then they go home and eat a meal.Duting the meal,people often play games.A favorite game is "knocking".In this game,two players have got an egg each and they try to break the other person's egg.

In the week after Easter,people give eggs and cakes as presents.When they meet others they say,"Christ has risen!"

Traditionally the Easter period continues for forty days.Then fifty days after Easter Day is Pentecost and they go to the cemetery to remember their dead relatives.After this holiday,people start preparing for harvest time.