Read and translate the text. Fill in the missing words: variety, royalty, protection, symbol, century . The Invention Of Umbrellas
It seems natural to open an umbrella when it rains. But actually the umbrella was not invented for against rain. It was first used as a shade against the sun. Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. The first people to use it were probably the Chinese in the eleventh B.C. The umbrella spread to ancient Egypt and Babylon. At that time it was a of honor and authority, the umbrella was only for or by those in high offices. It is believed that the first people to use the umbrella as protection against rain were the ancient Romans. During the Middle Ages, 1100-1500 in Europe, the use of the umbrella disappeared completely. Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century. By 1680, the umbrella was used in France and later in England. By the eighteenth century, the umbrella was used against rain in most of Europe and started to become popular worldwide. Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time; however, it wasn't until the twentieth century that umbrellas began to be made in a of colors.

— I have been to the concert of The Broadway Boys. Oh, I really liked it! I strongly advise you going to their concert and enjoying it. I think you will like it too.   
— I don't know if I want to see them. Maybe I have to listen to them
— Maybe? How can you miss this great event? They have wonderful songs, they use computer effects that make the concert more interesting. These concerts were a success. As for me, I will see their concert once again. All my friends will go to the concerts tonight and tomorrow. I think they won't sorry.
— Do the concerts begin late?
 — No, on Saturday and Sunday they begin 9 PM and on Monday and Tuesday — at 8 PM. Don't think! Just go!
 — Well, I think I will you. When will you go to the concert ?
—  On Tuesday.

SEAL
Seals move very slowly on the ice. They flop along, heaving their big, heavy bodies. Seals are warmblooded, like us. They must keep warm. Their skin is covered with thick, bristly hair. Under their skin they have a thick layer of fat called blubber. The hair and the blubber keep the seals warm.
Seals can swim quickly because their smooth, sleek shape moves easily through the water. The seals make a lot of noise under water. They call to each other in hoots, clicks and whistles.
Seals have big eyes to help them to see under water.
Seals eat mostly fish and squid.
In the spring mother seals give birth to their pups on the ice. The pups have long, grey fur and a thin layer of blubber to keep them warm. They make a sound like lambs bleating. 
Young seals do not eat fish and squid. They drink milk from their mothers.
Young seals try their first swim when they are less than two weeks old. After four weeks the young seals can dive and catch fish with their mothers. 
The male seal spends most of his time in the water. He guards the breathing-hole for the group of mothers and their pups.
When winter comes terrible storms blow across the ice. When blizzard blow across the ice the temperature can drop to minus 50 degrees Celsius. The seals stay in the water all winter. The water is calm and not as cold as the air above the ice.