Suffixes
Grammar > Words, sentences and clauses > Word formation > Suffixes
из English Grammar Today
A suffix is a letter or group of letters added at the end of a word which makes a new word.
words
suffix
new words
forget, use
-ful
forgetful, useful
state, govern
-ment
statement, government
complicate, create
-ion
complication, creation
The new word is most often a different word class from the original word. In the table above, the suffix -ful has changed verbs to adjectives, -ment, and -ion have changed verbs to nouns. If you see a word ending in -ment, for example, it is likely to be a noun (e.g. commitment, contentment).
Suffixes: spelling
Often, the suffix causes a spelling change to the original word. In the table above, the -e ending of complicate and create disappears when the -ion suffix is added. Other examples of spelling changes include:
beauty, duty + -ful → beautiful, dutiful (-y changes to i)
heavy, ready + -ness → heaviness, readiness (-y changes to i)
able, possible + -ity → ability, possibility (-le changes to il)
permit, omit + -ion → permission, omission (-t changes to ss)
A good learner’s dictionary will give you information on the correct spelling of words with suffixes.
See also:
Spelling
Common suffixes and examples
Noun suffixes
suffix
examples of nouns
-age
baggage, village, postage
-al
arrival, burial, deferral
-ance/-ence
reliance, defence, insistence
-dom
boredom, freedom, kingdom
-ee
employee, payee, trainee
-er/-or
driver, writer, director
-hood
brotherhood, childhood, neighbourhood
-ism
capitalism, Marxism, socialism (philosophies)
-ist
capitalist, Marxist, socialist (followers of philosophies)
-ity/-ty
brutality, equality, cruelty
-ment
amazement, disappointment, parliament
-ness
happiness, kindness, usefulness
-ry
entry, ministry, robbery
-ship
friendship, membership, workmanship
-sion/-tion/-xion
expression, population, complexion
Adjective suffixes
suffix
examples of adjectives
-able/-ible
drinkable, portable, flexible
-al
brutal, formal, postal
-en
broken, golden, wooden
-ese
Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese
-ful
forgetful, helpful, useful
-i
Iraqi, Pakistani, Yemeni
-ic
classic, Islamic, poetic
-ish
British, childish, Spanish
-ive
active, passive, productive
-ian
Canadian, Malaysian, Peruvian
-less
homeless, hopeless, useless
-ly
daily, monthly, yearly
-ous
cautious, famous, nervous
-y
cloudy, rainy, windy
Verb suffixes
suffix
examples of verbs
-ate
complicate, dominate, irritate
-en
harden, soften, shorten
-ify
beautify, clarify, identify
-ise/-ize
economise, realise, industrialize (-ise is most common in British English; -ize is most common in American English)
Adverb suffixes
suffix
examples of adverbs
-ly
calmly, easily, quickly
-ward(s)
downwards, homeward(s), upwards
-wise
anti-clockwise, clockwise, edgewise
Объяснение: это правила
Відповідь:
Пояснення:
Англійська
Шосте ноября тысяча сімсот шістдесят другого сімнадцяте мая тисяча деветсот девяносто восьмого одинадцяте апреля тисяча шісот шісдесять сьмого
Shoste noyabrya tysyacha simsot shistdesyat druhoho simnadtsyate maya tysyacha devet·sot devyanosto vosʹmoho odynadtsyate aprelya tysyacha shisot shisdesyatʹ sʹmoho
Sixth of November one thousand seven hundred sixty-two seventeenth of May one thousand nine hundred and ninety-eight eleventh of April one thousand six hundred and sixty-seven
