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1. Our uncle is on holiday and we have been looking after his dog since Monday.

In this sentence, we use the Present Perfect Continuous form because the action of looking after the dog started in the past (Monday) and is still happening in the present. The use of "since" indicates the starting point of the action.

2. Tim has had the same school uniform for two years and it's a bit small now.

In this sentence, we use the Present Perfect Simple form because we are talking about a state or situation that started in the past (Tim having the same school uniform) and continues until now. There is no indication of a continuous action or duration.

3. My sister has been making her own clothes since she was a teenager.

In this sentence, we use the Present Perfect Continuous form because the action of making her own clothes started in the past (when she was a teenager) and has been ongoing until now. The use of "since" indicates the starting point of the action.

4. Gillian has worked as a model once or twice, but she doesn't want to do it as a career.

In this sentence, we use the Present Perfect Simple form because we are talking about past actions (Gillian working as a model) that are complete and not connected to the present. There is no indication of a continuous action or duration.

5. Helen is very busy at university but she hasn't lost touch with her friends.

In this sentence, we use the Present Perfect Simple form because we are talking about a state or situation (Helen not losing touch with her friends) that started in the past and continues until now. The negative form "hasn't" indicates that the action of not losing touch has not happened.

"Where they (to be)?" is the question asked in the present simple tense. In order to understand and answer this question, let's break it down step by step.

First, let's focus on the main verb - "to be." In the present simple tense, the verb "to be" is conjugated as follows:

- I am
- You are
- He/She/It is
- We/You/They are

Since the subject of the question is "they," we will use the verb "are." Now, let's put it into the sentence:

"Where they are?"

This is a complete and grammatically correct sentence in the present simple tense. However, in order to make it clearer and more natural, we can rearrange the word order:

"They are where?"

Now, the sentence sounds more like a question that a native English speaker would ask.

To summarize, the complete answer to the question "Where they (to be)?" in the present simple tense is:

"They are where?"

Remember, the verb "to be" is an irregular verb and its conjugation changes depending on the subject pronoun. In this case, since the subject is "they," we use the form "are."