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Ulan-Ude is the capital of the Republic of Buryatia, Russia; it is located about 100 kilometers southeast of Lake Baikal on the Uda River at its confluence with the Selenga. According to the 2010 census, Ulan-Ude had a population of 404,426, compared to 359,391 at the 2002 census, making it the third most populous city in Eastern Siberia.
Ulan-Ude was first named Udinsky (Udinskoe) for its location on the Uda River. From about 1735, the settlement became known as Udinsk( Udinsk), and in 1775 received the status of a city under this name.
The name was changed to Verkhneudinsk, literally "verkhny Udinsk" (Verkhneudinsk), in 1783 to distinguish it from Nizhneudinsk ("nizhny Udinsk"), lying on another Uda River near Irkutsk, which in the same year received the status of a city. "Up" and "down" refer to the position of the two cities relative to each other, not to the location of the cities on their respective Uda Rivers. Verkhneudinsk is located at the mouth of its Ud, i.e. at the lower end, while Nizhneudinsk is located along the middle section of its Ud.
The current name was given to the city in 1934 and means "red Uda" in Buryat, reflecting the communist ideology of the Soviet Union
