The main difference between domestic trade and international trade is the use of foreign currencies to pay for the goods and services crossing international borders. Although global trade is often added up in U. S. dollars, the trading itself involves various currencies. Japanese videocassette recorder is paid for in German marks in Berlin, and German cars are paid for in U. S. dollars in Boston. Indian tea. Brazilian coffee, and American films are sold around the world in currencies as diverse as Turkish liras and Mexican pesos.
Whenever a country imports or exports goods and services, there is a resulting flow of funds: money returns to the exporting nation, and money flows out of the importing nation. Trade and investment is a two-way street, and with a minimum of trade barriers, international trade and investment usually makes everyone better off.
In a interlined global economy, consumers are given the opportunity to buy the best products at the best prices. By opening up markets, a government allows its citizens to produce and export those things they are best at and to import the rest, choosing from whatever the world has to offer. Some trade barriers will always exist as long as any two countries have different sets of laws. However, when a country decides to protect its economy by erecting artificial trade barriers, the result is often damaging to everyone, including those people whose barriers were meant to protect.
VIII. Подберите правильные русские эквиваленты английских слов, встречавшихся в тексте:
to consume - потреблять
difference - отличие
currency - валюта
flow - перемещение, перетекание
trade barrier - препятствия в торговле
artificial - искусственные
to erect - создавать
to retaliate - этого слова (отвечать) нет в тексте
to involve - участвуют
international borders - границы государств
