Mother Nature can act rather scary sometimes. Almost every day TV channels, radio and newspapers report on natural disasters striking different parts of the world. Scientists say that earthquakes, tornados, floods, droughts, tsunamis, landslides and hurricanes are happening more frequently nowadays. Global warming, pollution and growing industrialization lead to imbalance in our echo-system.
A natural disaster can be defined as an uncontrollable extreme disruption which causes ecological and financial damage and victims of vulnerable population. Sometimes the events can be predicted by special meteorological warning systems and they often happen in the same geographical area because they are related to climate and physical characteristics of the region. For example, Florida is constantly suffering from tornadoes and hurricanes, and Japan – from earthquakes.
An earthquake happens when tectonic plates of the earth move and they make the area shake violently. According to the Richter scale the magnitude of earthquakes is measured from 1 to 10 points. The most powerful earthquake was recorded in 1960 in Chile, its magnitude was 9.5.
Volcanic eruptions occur when hot red magma erupts from the earth’s crust and flows from the top of the volcano. It also throws volcano ashes into the air which are harmful to inhale for human beings and animals.
A tsunami is a series of dangerous huge ocean waves, usually caused by underwater earthquakes. This natural disaster attacks the shore all of a sudden and often results in thousands of deaths. The height of the waves can reach 30 metres.
Flooding is another natural disaster. Floods happen when the water level in rivers and seas becomes too high. Sometimes flash floods can even wash away whole villages.
CHOOSE THE CORRECT ALTERNATIVE. USE THE GRAMMAR BANK ABOVE IF NECESSARY. THEN, DECIDE
IF THESE EXTRACTS COME FROM A DETECTIVE STORY (D), A FOLK TALE (F) OR A BIOGRAPHY (B).
1) THE OLD MAN FISHED/WAS FISHING AS USUAL WHEN HE SAW/WAS SEEING SOMETHING STRANGE.
2) IN 2005, JACK WAS TEACHING/TAUGHT IN CANADA AND BECAME/HAD BECOME WELL-KNOWN.
3) I‘D KNOWN/’D BEEN KNOWING PAUL FOR MANY YEARS AND WHEN I READ/WAS READING HE WAS/HAD
BEEN IN PRISON, I KNEW/WAS KNOWING THERE WAS A MISTAKE.
4) THE PRINCE HAD BEEN SEARCHING/WAS SEARCHING IN THE FOREST FOR TEN HOURS AND WAS BEGINNING/
HAD BEGUN TO LOSE HOPE.
5) HE NOTICED/WAS NOTICING THAT SOMEBODY HAD LEFT/HAD BEEN LIVING A BRIEFCASE.
6) ELLA HAD BEEN LOOKING/HAD LOOKED THROUGH OLD PHOTOS WHEN SHE HEARD/WAS HEARING A KNOCK ONTHE DOOR.
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