Here is a quiz It is the final task of our lesson.1. The gradual warming up of the Earth called ……… warming. (alogbl)2. Acid …… destroys trees and kills fish in lakes. ( ianr)3. The hole in the ………. layer may cause encrease in skin cancer.( oonze)4. Electricity is produced in ……….. stations. ( oerwp)5. The waste from this kind of 4 stations remaines dangerous for hundreds of years( neauclr)6. Many factories dump dangerous ………. straight into the sea.( michecals)7. Burning things release……. dioxide into the atmosphere. ( boncar)8. The exhaust fumes from cars and lorries cause serious ……… in many cities around the world. ( llutionpo)9. A good example of the problem of desertification is the …………Desert. ( Shaara)10. Huge areas of tropical rain ………… are disappearing every year.( orestf)

1. The gradual warming up of the Earth is called global warming. (Explanation: Global warming refers to the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to human activities, primarily the emission of greenhouse gases.)

2. Acid rain destroys trees and kills fish in lakes. (Explanation: Acid rain is formed when pollutants from burning fossil fuels react with the atmosphere and form sulfuric and nitric acids, which then fall to the ground as rain. This acidic precipitation can have detrimental effects on ecosystems, including harming plants and aquatic life.)

3. The hole in the ozone layer may cause an increase in skin cancer. (Explanation: The ozone layer is a region of the Earth's stratosphere that contains a high concentration of ozone molecules. It plays a crucial role in absorbing the majority of the sun's ultraviolet radiation. However, the use of certain chemicals, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), has led to the depletion of ozone molecules, resulting in the formation of a hole in the ozone layer. This can cause an increase in the amount of harmful UV radiation reaching the Earth's surface, which can lead to an increased risk of skin cancer.)

4. Electricity is produced in power stations. (Explanation: Power stations, also known as power plants or generating stations, are facilities where electricity is generated through various means such as burning fossil fuels, nuclear reactions, or renewable energy sources. These power stations are designed to convert different types of energy into electrical energy that can be used by homes and industries.)

5. The waste from this kind of power stations remains dangerous for hundreds of years. (Explanation: Power stations that generate electricity by burning fossil fuels, such as coal or oil, produce waste materials known as fly ash, bottom ash, and slag. These waste materials contain various toxic substances, including heavy metals, which can be hazardous to human health and the environment. Some of these substances have a long half-life, meaning they remain radioactive and dangerous for hundreds of years.)

6. Many factories dump dangerous chemicals straight into the sea. (Explanation: Industrial factories often produce hazardous chemicals as byproducts or waste materials. Unfortunately, some factories dispose of these chemicals by directly dumping them into nearby water bodies, such as rivers or oceans. This practice not only pollutes the water but also harms marine life and ecosystems.)

7. Burning things release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. (Explanation: When organic matter, such as wood, coal, or fossil fuels, is burned, carbon dioxide (CO2) is released into the atmosphere as a byproduct of combustion. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the Earth's atmosphere, contributing to global warming.)

8. The exhaust fumes from cars and lorries cause serious pollution in many cities around the world. (Explanation: Cars and lorries, also known as trucks, emit various pollutants through their exhaust fumes, including carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter (PM). These pollutants contribute to air pollution, which can have detrimental effects on human health, including respiratory problems and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.)

9. A good example of the problem of desertification is the Sahara Desert. (Explanation: Desertification refers to the process of fertile land turning into desert or semi-desert, typically due to human activities or climate change. The Sahara Desert, located in North Africa, is the largest hot desert in the world and is often used as an example of desertification because it has expanded over time due to factors such as deforestation, overgrazing, and unsustainable agricultural practices.)

10. Huge areas of tropical rainforests are disappearing every year. (Explanation: Tropical rainforests, such as the Amazon rainforest in South America and the Congo rainforest in Africa, are rich and diverse ecosystems that are being rapidly destroyed primarily due to deforestation. Factors contributing to the loss of rainforests include commercial logging, conversion of land for agriculture and cattle ranching, and infrastructure development. This deforestation not only leads to habitat loss for numerous plant and animal species but also contributes to climate change by reducing the Earth's ability to absorb carbon dioxide through photosynthesis.)