Выпишите из третьего абзаца текста предложение с независимым причастным оборотом, подчеркните его. 1. Equity is ‘the residual interest in the assets of an entity that remains after deducting its liabilities’. In a business, the equity is called the ownership interest or owner’s equity. The owner’s equity is the resources invested in the business by the owner. It is also known as the residual equity because it is what would be left over if all the liabilities were paid. Transposing the balance sheet equation, we can state owner’s equity as follows: assets – liabilities = owner’s equity.
2. The four types of transactions affecting owner’s equity are as follows: owner’s investments, owner’s withdrawals, revenues, expenses. Two of these transactions, owner’s investments and owner’s withdrawals, designate assets that the owner either puts in the business or takes out of the business.
3. For instance, if the owner of a company takes cash out of his personal bank account and places it in the business bank account, it is the owner’s investment. The assets (cash) of the business being increased, the owner’s equity in those assets also increases. Conversely, if the owner takes cash out of the business bank account and places it in his personal bank account, he makes a withdrawal from the business. The assets of the business have decreased,
and the owner’s equity in the business has also decreased.
4. The other two types of transactions that affect owner’s equity are revenues and expenses. Simply stated, revenues and expenses are the increases and decreases in owner’s equity that result from operating the business. For example, when a customer pays cash to the company in return for a service provided by the company, a revenue results. Assets (cash) of the company have increased, and the owner’s equity in those assets has also increased. On the other hand, if the company pays out cash in the process of providing the service, an expense results and is represented by a decrease in assets (cash) and a decrease in the owner’s equity in those assets. Generally speaking, a company is successful when its revenues exceed its expenses. When revenues exceed expenses, the difference is called net income, and when expenses exceed revenues, the difference is called net loss.