2. Explain why it is important to help people
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I had celebrated my last birthday in a very unusual way. I wanted to invite my friends for the party and birthday cake, and we were already planning all the details with my mother, but over sudden my small sister got seriously sick, and emergency took her with my mother to the hospital two days before my birthday. I felt myself lost, extremely worried about my sister, and helpless. All of my friends were already invited to the party and I didn’t know what to do. I called my best friend to talk about my problems and cancel the party, but he told me: “Let’s take the cake and go to the hospital!” Why didn’t I think about it myself? I called all my friends and asked them what did they think about the party in the hospital – and they all agreed to this plan. My father arranged the cake in the hospital, and some balloons for decoration, and also he invited a funny clown for all the children. The party was short, but very nice and filled with joy and happiness. We were playing games, laughing and eating my birthday cake, and I was very happy to be with my family, friends, and all the children from the hospital. 

1. She said something to the crying child.
Она сказала что-то плачущему ребенку.
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "crying" is a present participle that describes the child. It is used to show the action of crying happening at the same time as the main action of speaking.

2. The little woman standing by the window is my grandmother.
Маленькая женщина, стоящая у окна, моя бабушка.
Explanation: In this sentence, the phrase "standing by the window" is a present participle that describes the woman. It is used to provide additional information about her and her location.

3. While doing his homework, he found many interesting facts.
Делая уроки, он нашел много интересных фактов.
Explanation: In this sentence, the phrase "doing his homework" is a present participle that describes the subject "he". It is used to show the action happening at the same time as the main action of finding interesting facts.

4. Having done his homework, he turned on the TV.
Сделав уроки, он включил телевизор.
Explanation: In this sentence, the phrase "having done his homework" is a past participle that describes the subject "he". It is used to show that the action of doing homework was completed before the main action of turning on the TV.

5. It was a house built in the century.
Это был дом, построенный в веке.
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "built" is a past participle that describes the house. It is used to show that the action of building the house was completed in the past. The phrase "in the century" provides additional information about when the house was built.