Did you know that the 1. runaway Kolobok, a fat bun who skips his way through the forest followed by some 2.pursuers desperate to gobble him up, has a
3.counterpart? It’s the gingerbread man! In fact, so many different countries and
cultures have a fairy tale which is similar to Kolobok, featuring either a runaway pancake, a
gingerbread man on the loose or a fleeing rice cake. In St. Nicholas tale, a 4. old woman
bakes a gingerbread man who leaps from her oven and runs away. The woman and her husband fail to
catch him. The gingerbread man then outruns several farm workers and farm animals. The tale ends
with a fox catching and eating the gingerbread man. A gingerbread man is a form of gingerbread
cookie, commonly presented at Christmas. The traditional gingerbread man may be presented plain,
dressed with chunks of sugar or 5., or with candies forming his major features.
Gingerbread women are also made, although the gingerbread man is far more common. Many
holiday decorations incorporate the gingerbread man. Conventionally, the gingerbread man is made
with legs slightly apart and arms outstretched, and many consumers have traditions about which
order the extremities are eaten in. The gingerbread man 6. first appeared in the court of
Queen Elizabeth I, who presented courtiers with gingerbread likenesses of themselves. The Queen's habit
of jesting with her court makes this tale 7.. This example of the gingerbread man
was probably darker and more savoury than the version we are accustomed to, as well as thicker
and more cake-like. Elizabeth's cooks relished opportunities for lavish decoration, and the gingerbread
men she handed out may have included gold leafing and other outlandish 8. features.
The gingerbread man also has a long history in 9. Europe, where he appeared
as a Christmas tree decoration and in elaborate holiday scenes. The gingerbread man often had a
gingerbread house to live in, with gingerbread animals, trees, and decorations made from candies
and sugar. Especially in Germany, gingerbread Christmas decorations are often quite elaborate,
stemming from a 16thcentury tradition of fanciful gingerbread 10., inspired by
Grimm's Fairy Tales and the story of Hansel and Gretel. In the 17th century, Nuremberg, Germany,
became known as the gingerbread capital, thanks to the elaborate gingerbread scenes that the bakers of
that city would create, which included complex gingerbread houses, animals, and people decorated
with gold leaf, foil, and other decorations. The gingerbread man probably reached his zenith during this
period, when only professional gingerbread bakers were supposed to make gingerbread, except
during the Christmas season when the rules were relaxed.

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Объяснение:

Outward appearance

In the books, Hermione is described as having "bushy brown hair"and brown eyes. Her front buck teeth, already very large, grow uncontrollably in Goblet of Fire after she is affected by a spell cast by Draco Malfoy. Madam Pomfrey attends to her in the hospital wing and, at her request, shrinks the teeth down to a normal size that matches her mouth. In the films, her hair is less bushy and she always has regular teeth.

There is controversy over whether Hermione's skin color was ever categorically established in the books. Some take as proof a line from Prisoner of Azkaban: "Hermione's white face was sticking out from behind a tree." They interpret this to be a direct description of her skin color. Others interpret it as a description relative to her usual complexion, arising due to fright and anxiety as she watches Harry Potter's attempt to save the hippogriff Buckbeak from execution. J.K. Rowling herself states that Hermione "turned white" in that she "lost colour from her face after a shock."

Conversely, another description from early in Prisoner of Azkaban can also be cited: "They were there, both of them, sitting outside Florean Fortescue's Ice-Cream Parlour, Ron looking incredibly freckly, Hermione very brown, both waving frantically at him."Some claim that this is a direct description of her skin color, while others claim that it's a relative description of the results of a tan acquired over the summer break.

Personality

Hermione's most prominent features include her prodigious intellect and cleverness. She is levelheaded, book-smart, and always very logical. Throughout the series, Hermione uses the skills of a librarian and teacher to gather the information necessary to defeat Voldemort, the "Dark Lord". When in doubt, it is to the school library that Hermione always turns to. She is often bossy yet unfailingly dutiful and loyal to her friends—a person who can always be counted on. J.K. Rowling stated that Hermione is a person that, "never strays off the path; she always keeps her attention focused on the job that must be done." Despite Hermione's intelligence and bossy attitude, Rowling says that Hermione has "quite a lot of vulnerability in her personality," as well as a "sense of insecurity underneath," feels, "utterly inadequate... and to compensate, she tries and strives to be the best at everything at school, projecting a confidence that irritates people." During her Defence Against the Dark Arts exam at the end of Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, Hermione reveals that her biggest fear is failure after a Boggart takes the form of Professor McGonagall and tells her that she has failed all her exams.

Hermione is extremely compassionate and is very quick to help others, especially those who are defenceless, such as Neville Longbottom, first-years, House-Elves, fellow Muggle-borns, half-giants like Hagrid, and werewolves like Lupin. It was revealed by J.K. Rowling after the publication of the final book that Hermione's career in the Ministry was to fight for the rights of the oppressed and disenfranchised (such as House-elves or Muggle-borns). Hermione is also very protective of her friends and values them so much that Rowling has suggested that, if Hermione had looked in the Mirror of Erised, she would have seen Harry, Ron, and herself "alive and unscathed, and Voldemort finished." Hermione has also learned to ignore what bullies such as Draco Malfoy say to her, often preventing Harry and Ron from retaliating and thinking of some way to outsmart him. She accepts her status as a Muggle-born witch, and states in Deathly Hallows that she is "a Mudblood and proud of it"

ответ:

это время можно назвать практически основным при выражении прошедшего времени в языке, так как оно в принципе выражает любое действие, имевшее место в прошлом. безусловно, с этим временем конкурирует present perfect, которое будучи настоящим совершенным временем, все-таки переводится глаголом в прошедшем времени. в данном случае следует помнить лишь об одном моменте – present perfect вступает в силу лишь в случаях, если действие произошло в прошлом и каким-нибудь образом влияет, либо связано с настоящим. если же минувшие события такой связи не имеют, берите past simple и используйте его без сомнения.

образуется время past simple просто: если глагол неправильный, берем его вторую форму (из таблицы); если глагол правильный, добавляем ему окончание -ed. нужен вопрос? используем глагол did. сказуемое выражено глаголом to be в необходимой форме? выносим его в начало предложения и готово. необходимо отрицание? на придет все тот же глагол did, только в компании с частицей not. эта же частица спокойно крепится к глаголу to be в форме прошедшего времени в языке.

подведем итог: время past simple мы используем в следующих случаях:

наше действие произошло в прошлом и никак не связано с настоящим. обратите внимание на слова-маркеры: yesterday (вчера), last month (в прошлом месяце), 5 years ago (5 лет назад), in 1999 (в 1999)

my brother was born in 1987. - мой брат родился в 1987 году.

she moved to the capital 7 years ago. - она переехала в столицу семь лет назад.

we saw him last month. - мы видели его в прошлом месяце.

мы стремимся пересказать череду действий в прошлом

he wrote the letter, put it in the envelope, left it on the table and went out. - он написал письмо, положил его в конверт, оставил на столе и ушел.

мы хотим показать, что упоминаемое действие было обычным и неоднократно происходило в прошлом в течение какого-либо периода времени

from 1995 to 2000 he worked as a manager. - он работал менеджером с 1995 по 2000 гг..

если наша цель – представить общеизвестный факт прошлого

the second world war began in 1939. - вторая мировая война началась в 1939 году.