1. Переведи предложения, используя время Past Simple или Present Perfect. 1) Мои родители вчера купили новую машину. 2) Они только что построили дом летом я не ездил на море. 4) Дети моих друзей еще не были в зоопарке. 5) Твоя сестра уже написала письмо бабушке? 2. Расставьте слова в правильном порядке, чтобы получилось предложение. 1) are how words write we to many supposed? 2) mustn’t ink use you. 3) draft to we need do write a? 4) fill do have to up I? 5) you what it supposed do think is be to?

3. Заполните пропуски словами must, mustn’t or needn’t. 1. ‘Do you want me to wait for you?’ ‘No, it’s okay. You …… wait.’ 2. Tom gave me a letter to post. I …… forget to post it. 3. You ..…. come if you don’t want to but I hope you will. 4. ‘What sort of house do you want to buy? Something big?’ ‘Well, it …… be big – that’s not important. But it ...… have a nice garden – that’s essential. 5. We have enough food at home so we …… go shopping today.

4. Выберите правильный вариант. 1. You (must, have to) come and have a game of tennis with my son. You will be impressed. 2. The buses were full and we (must, had to) take a taxi. 3. I understand. You (mustn’t, don’t have to) translate. 4. You (must, have to) look both ways before crossing the road. 5. We’ll book a room for you. You (mustn’t, don’t have to) look for a hote.

5. Найдите в правой колонке эквиваленты английских слов и словосочетаний: 1. environmental protection 2. to absorb (smth) 3. acid 4. to pollute 5. to reduce the resources of forest 6. water shortage 7. to suffer an environmental problem 8. destroy 9. wastes 10. to damage the resources a. сокращать лесные ресурсы b. защита окружающей среды c. разрушать d. поглощать e. загрязнять f. кислота g. нехватка воды h. отходы i. нанести ущерб ресурсам j. сталкиваться с проблемой окружающей среды

6. Найдите соответствующие ответы на вопросы и напишите их в той последовательности, в которой заданы вопросы: Вопросы 1. What do people’s activities result in? 2. What happens to birds, animals, fish and people because of polluted water? 3. What do wastes of cars and plants destroy? 4. What must we do of we want our children to live in a healthier world? ответы a. Many birds, animals and fish die of polluted water. Others are getting contaminated and people may get sick from eating them. b. We must learn to protect the water. The air and the earth from the pollution. c. Air and water pollution. d. The ozone layer which protects us from the sun.

7. Закончите предложения, выбрав соответствующий вариант окончания: 1. The wastes of cars and plants pollute the atmosphere … a) but do not destroy the ozone layer and forests. b) and destroy the ozone layer and forests which are dying from acid rains. c) but do not affect the balance of nature. 2. People are concerned about the air and the water used by everyone because they understand that their activities … a) improve and make their life healthier. b) improve machines and do not affect the balance of nature. c) but do not affect the balance of nature. 3. People must learn to use the environment carefully and .. a) affect the balance of nature. b) make their life easily. c) protect ot from damages caused by their activities.

1. Российская Федерация - Россия (по конституции) The Russian Federation - Russia is the official name of our homeland
2. There are 21 republics in Russian Federation (Adygea, Altai, Bashkortostan, Buryatia, DAgestan, Ingushetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Kalmykia, Karachay-Cherkessia, Karelia, Komi, Mari El, Mordovia, Sakha (Yakutia), North Ossetia-Alania, Tatarstan, Udmurtia, Tuva (Tyva), Khakassia, Chechnya, Chuvashia)
3. Boris Yeltsin was the first Russian President
4. constitution is the highest law of Russia
5. Dmitry Medvedev is the Russian President at the moment. The Prime Minister is Vladimir Putin
6. Russia stopped being a monarchy and became a republic in 1917
7. Moscow is the capital of Russia. It's the biggest city of Russia.
8. St-Petersburg, Vladivostok, Novosibirsk
9. Yes, it is
10.The Altai Mountains are a mountain range in central Asia, where Russia, China, Mongolia and Kazakhstan come together. The Caucasus are situated in the south-west of Russia.
11. The Lena is situated in the northeastern Siberia. The Ob is situated in western Siberia. There are many rivers in Russia. Their nemes are the Volga, the Kama, the Terek, etc
12. The country is washed by the Pacific and Artic oceans and by the Baltic, the Black and the Azov seas
13. Lake Baikal is the world's deepest, purest, most ancient and most capacious freshwater lake. Lake Baikal alone contains over one fifth of the world's fresh surface water
14. There were many impotant events in russian history: Mongol invasion, the rise of Moscow, reforms of Peter the Great, etc.
15. Yuri Dolgoruky is famous for foundation of Moscow. Alexander Nevsky and Dmitry Donskoi are famous rulers. Yuri Gagarin is the first cosmonaut in the world
16. The official symbols of Russia are Double-headed eagle, coat of arms of Russia, FLag of Russia. Other symbols of Russia are beryoza, bear, balalaika, vodka
17. Russian flag is a tricolour of three equal horizontal fields, white on the top, blue in the middle and red on the bottom. The flag was first used as an ensign for merchant and war ships and only became official in 1896.
The three colours purportedly came from the coat of arms of the Grand Duchy of Moscow, which depict Saint George wearing white (silver) armor, riding a white horse, wearing a blue cape and holding a blue shield, on a red field. According to another version, these three colours were associated with the robes of the Virgin Mary, the holy protectress of Russia.
Yet another interpretation of the three colours is that the order that they are placed in reflected the Russian social system under the monarchy: white represents God, blue the Tsar and red the peasants. Another very common interpretation is the association of colours with the main parts of the Russian Empire: white thus represents Belarus ("White Russia"), blue Ukraine (or Malorossia, "Little Russia"), and red "Great Russia".
A different interpretation associates white with the bright future (where the colour itself is associated with brightness, while its placement at the top - with future); blue with clouded present, and red with bloody past.

1. Российская Федерация - Россия (по конституции) 

The Russian Federation - Russia is the official name of our country/homeland.

2. There are 21 republics in the  Russian Federation (Adygea, Altai, Bashkortostan, Buryatia, Dagestan, Ingushetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Kalmykia, Karachay-Cherkessia, Karelia, Komi, Mari El, Mordovia, Sakha (Yakutia), North Ossetia-Alania, Tatarstan, Udmurtia, Tuva (Tyva), Khakassia, Chechnya, Chuvashia)

3. Boris Yeltsin was the first Russian President.

4. The constitution is the highest law of Russia.

5. Vladimir Putin is the Russian President at the moment. 

The Prime Minister is  Dmitry Medvedev.

6. Russia stopped being a monarchy and became a republic in 1917.

7. Moscow is the capital of Russia. It's the biggest city of Russia.

8. St.Petersburg, Vladivostok, Novosibirsk, Sochi, Kazan, Omsk, Tomsk.

9. Yes, it is. Russia is the largest country in the world.

10. The Altai mountains are situated in Central Asia, where Russia, China, Mongolia and Kazakhstan come together. The Caucasus mountains are situated in the south-west of Russia, next to the Black Sea.

11. The Lena is in the north-eastern part of Siberia. The Ob is situated in Western Siberia. There are many rivers in Russia. Their names are the Yenisei, The Volga, the Kama, the Amur, etc.

12. The country is washed by the Pacific and Artic oceans and by the Baltic, the Black and the Azov seas.

13. Lake Baikal is the world's deepest, purest, most ancient and most capacious freshwater lake. Lake Baikal alone contains over one fifth of the world's volume of fresh water.