Canada is the second largest country in the world. Canada’s only neighbour is the USA. The border between the two countries is the longest unguarded border in the world. The capital of Canada is Ottawa. In Canada there are people of many nationalities. People of the French origin total about 25 percent of the population. There are two official languages in Canada: English and French. The red and white Canadian flag shows a leaf of the maple tree which grows in North America. The maple leaf is the official emblem of Canada. Canada’s motto, “From Sea to Sea”, is particularly appropriate because the country is bounded by three oceans – the Pacific, the Arctic and the Atlantic. Its vast area includes some of the world’s largest lakes and countless smaller ones. One-third of all fresh water on Earth is in Canada. Canada’s name comes from an Indian word Kanata, which means “village”. The first French settlers used the Indian name for the colony, but the official name was “New France”. When the area came under the British rule in 1897, the new country was called the Dominion of Canada, or simply Canada. Canada is a union of ten provinces and two territories. Compared with other large countries, Canada has a small population, only about 27,300,000. The country, however, is one of the world’s most prosperous. Canadians developed its rich natural resources and, in the process, have achieved a high standard of living. Canada is a constitutional monarchy. It is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations and Queen Elizabeth II is its official head of state. Although the Queen holds this position, she doesn’t rule. She serves as a symbol of British tradition. Her representative in Canada is the Governor General, whom she appoints on the advice of the Canadian Prime Minister. The Governor’s duties are limited to symbolic, mostly ceremonial acts.
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