Текст
Demand is the quantity of a good that buyers wish to buy at each price. Other things equal, at low prices the demanded quantity is higher
Supply is the quantity of a good that sellers wish to sell at each price. Other things equal, when prices are high, the supplied quantity is high as well.
The market is in equilibrium when the price regulates the quantity supplied by producers and the quantity demanded by consumers. When prices are not so high as the equilibrium price, there is excess demand (shortage) raising the price. At prices above the equilibrium price, there is excess supply (surplus) reducing the price.
There are some factors influencing demand for a good, such as the prices of other goods, consumer incomes and some others.
As consumer income is increased, demand for a normal good will also increase but demand for an inferior good will decrease. A normal good is a good for which demand increases when incomes rise. An inferior good is a good for which demand falls when incomes rise.
As to supply, some factors are assumed as constant. Among them are technology, the input price, as well as degree of government regulation. An improvement in technology is as important for increasing the supplied quantity good as a reduction in input prices.
Government regulates demand and supply, imposing ceiling prices (maximum prices) and floor prices (minimum prices) and adding its own demand to the demand of the private sector.

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What is demand? (Что такое с Что такое предложение?) — Supply is the quantity of a good that sellers wish to sell at each price. Other things equal, when prices are high, the supplied quantity is high as well.
When are the demanded and supplied quantities of goods high?
How are prices and the supplied and demanded quantities regulated by the market?
Which factors influence demand? How do they work?
Which factors influence supply?
How can governments regulate demand and supply?
How can prices for other goods influence the demand for a good? Supply examples.
What inferior goods can you name?
What may be the result of imposing ceiling prices?