Lesson 3
5 Introduce your country.
Use the words from the box.
national, ancient, a part of Kyivan Rus, talented,
centre of Europe, customs and traditions, language
and culture, square kilometres, to symbolize
ple,
end
5.
1 What is Ukraine?
2 Where is it?
3 Is it large?
4 What do you know about the history?
5 Is it an independent country now?
6 When do we celebrate the Independence Day?
7 What is the Capital of Ukraine?
8 What are the Ukrainians like?
9 What are the national symbols of Ukraine?
wn.
ome

до ть ето

The past simple tense is quite straightforward. The main problem is its spelling rules, which you’ll find below.

We use the past simple to describe an action that started in the past and ended in the past. It could be something that happened twenty years ago or something that happened two minutes ago. It started. It stopped. It’s over.

I visited a client in London yesterday.

She planned the event all by herself.

The most common time expressions used for the past simple are: yesterday, a week (month, year) ago, last (month, year, weekend, Monday) night, the day before yesterday, two days (months, years) ago. The time expression appears either at the beginning or at the end of the sentence – never in the middle of the sentence.

Forming the Past Simple

Subject Verb + d, ed, ied

or irregular form (V2) Rest of Sentence

I / He / She / It You / We / They walked to the shop yesterday

slept late last Saturday

The past simple is usually formed by adding d, ed, or ied to the base form of the verb, however, in English there are many irregular verbs that take on a completely different form in the past tense. Some people call this the V2 form of the verb. The best thing to do is to try and memorize them.

Negative Sentences in the Past Simple Tense

Spelling Tip

When shortening the 3rd person (he, she, it) negative, just remove the o in not and add an apostrophe (‘)

did not > didn’t

To create a negative sentence in the past simple, use didn’t (did not) + the base form of the verb.

Note: Save the long forms (did not) for when you want to create emphasis. When speaking, put the stress on ‘not’.

Subject didn’t + verb in the base form Rest of Sentence

I / He / She / It You / We / They didn’t walk to the shop yesterday

didn’t sleep late last Saturday

I didn’t talk to John yesterday.

He didn’t steal those ideas from the company.

You didn’t show me the photos from the wedding.

Ron did not sign the document.

I have pets. They are goldfish. Their names are Crash and Sin. They two years. They live in a large aquarium. There is an aquarium on a table near the window in my room. I feed them a special food every day. They can swim well, but they could not speak. I like to watch the fish swimming in an aquarium.
У меня есть домашние питомцы. Это  золотые рыбки.   Их зовут  Краш и Син. Им два года . Они живут в большом аквариуме.  аквариум находится на столе около окна в  моей комнате. Я кормлю их  специальной едой каждый день. Они умеют хорошо плавать, но они не умеют говорить. Мне нравится наблюдать за рыбками плавающими в аквариуме.