Английский/Модальные глаголы
1. Choose the correct answer:
1. When I was younger I … ride a bicycle with my hands behind my back.
A can B had to C could D was able to
2. Every child … read and write at the age of eight.
A may B is to C must D have to
3. I … the washing by hands because the washing machine is broken.
A have to do B must to do C have do D should
4. You … leave the car here – this is not a parking zone.
A must B mustn’t C needn’t D don’t have to
5. I think the girls … wear longer skirts to school.
A may B should C could D had to
6. Excuse me, … ask you a personal question?
A may I B must I C can I to D I may
7. Did you watch the news yesterday? – No, I …, my TV set was broken.
A could B couldn’t C wasn’t to D didn’t have to
8. I … work on Saturdays, but I … if I like.
A needn’t/must B may not/should C mustn’t/can

2. Choose the right variant:
1. He was able to / can do it yesterday.
2. She could / has been able to swim since childhood.
3. Look at the clouds! It may / could rain soon.
4. Did you must / have to go to work on Sunday?
5. They were to / had to graduate that year.
6. The train will / is to leave at 5.30.
7. It is arranged that she may / is to take part in the conference.
8. Nick needn’t / mustn’t go to the Academy today, because it’s Sunday.
9. They must / should work abroad. I haven’t seen them for a long time.
10. You can’t / needn’t go shopping, we have enough food.

3. Insert necessary modal verbs:
1. … we visit Mary tonight?
2. I’m not sure where Tom is. He … be at home.
3. … I help you wash the dishes?
4. You … get up early tomorrow. It’s a holiday.
5. Mary had a bad cold but she … do all her work at the office.
6. You … go to the dentist if you have a toothache.
7. I … climb trees when I was young.
8. … I borrow your pen, please?

1.
1. When I was younger I could ride a bicycle with my hands behind my back.
- Correct answer: C) could.
- Explanation: The verb "could" is used to talk about abilities or skills in the past. In this case, it shows that the person had the ability to ride a bicycle with their hands behind their back when they were younger.

2. Every child must read and write at the age of eight.
- Correct answer: C) must.
- Explanation: The modal verb "must" is used to express obligation or necessity. In this case, it states that every child has the obligation or necessity to be able to read and write at the age of eight.

3. I have to do the washing by hand because the washing machine is broken.
- Correct answer: A) have to do.
- Explanation: The phrase "have to do" is used to express obligation or necessity. In this case, it means that the person is obligated or has the necessity to do the washing by hand due to the broken washing machine.

4. You mustn't leave the car here – this is not a parking zone.
- Correct answer: B) mustn't.
- Explanation: The word "mustn't" is used to express prohibition or something that is not allowed. In this case, it indicates that leaving the car here is not allowed, as it is not a parking zone.

5. I think the girls should wear longer skirts to school.
- Correct answer: B) should.
- Explanation: The modal verb "should" is used to express advice, suggestion, or opinion. In this case, it suggests that the girls wearing longer skirts to school would be a good idea according to the speaker.

6. Excuse me, may I ask you a personal question?
- Correct answer: A) may I.
- Explanation: The phrase "may I" is used to seek permission or ask for approval. In this case, it politely asks for permission to ask a personal question.

7. Did you watch the news yesterday? – No, I couldn't, my TV set was broken.
- Correct answer: B) couldn't.
- Explanation: The word "couldn't" is used to express a past inability or incapability to do something. In this case, it states that the person was unable to watch the news because their TV set was broken.

8. I needn't work on Saturdays, but I may if I like.
- Correct answer: A) needn't/must.
- Explanation: The phrase "needn't/must" is used to show that something is not necessary or obligatory but can be done optionally if desired. In this case, it indicates that the person is not obliged to work on Saturdays, but they can choose to do so if they want.

2.
1. He was able to do it yesterday.
- Correct answer: A) was able to.
- Explanation: The phrase "was able to" is used to talk about a specific ability or achievement in the past. In this case, it indicates that he had the ability to do it yesterday.

2. She has been able to swim since childhood.
- Correct answer: B) has been able to.
- Explanation: The phrase "has been able to" is used to talk about a continuing ability or skill from the past until now. In this case, it states that she has had the ability to swim since childhood and still continues to have it.

3. Look at the clouds! It may rain soon.
- Correct answer: A) may.
- Explanation: The word "may" is used to express possibility or likelihood. In this case, it suggests that there is a possibility or likelihood of rain soon based on the observation of the clouds.

4. Did you have to go to work on Sunday?
- Correct answer: D) have to.
- Explanation: The phrase "have to" is used to express obligation or necessity in the past. In this case, it asks if there was an obligation or necessity to go to work on Sunday.

5. They had to graduate that year.
- Correct answer: D) had to.
- Explanation: The phrase "had to" is used to express past obligation or necessity. In this case, it states that they had an obligation or necessity to graduate that year.

6. The train is to leave at 5.30.
- Correct answer: B) is to.
- Explanation: The phrase "is to" is used to talk about a scheduled event or a plan in the future that is already arranged. In this case, it indicates that the train is scheduled to leave at 5.30.

7. It is arranged that she is to take part in the conference.
- Correct answer: B) is to.
- Explanation: The phrase "is to" is used to talk about arrangements or plans in the future that are already set. In this case, it confirms that she is planned or arranged to take part in the conference.

8. Nick needn't go to the Academy today, because it's Sunday.
- Correct answer: A) needn't.
- Explanation: The word "needn't" is used to express the absence of necessity or obligation. In this case, it states that Nick is not obliged or necessary to go to the Academy today because it is Sunday.

9. They should work abroad. I haven't seen them for a long time.
- Correct answer: B) should.
- Explanation: The modal verb "should" is used to express advice, suggestion, or recommendation. In this case, it suggests that they would be recommended or advised to work abroad based on the fact that the speaker hasn't seen them for a long time.

10. You needn't go shopping, we have enough food.
- Correct answer: C) needn't.
- Explanation: The word "needn't" is used to express the absence of necessity or obligation. In this case, it states that there is no necessity or obligation for you to go shopping because there is enough food.

3.
1. May we visit Mary tonight?
- Explanation: The word "may" is used to seek permission or ask for approval. In this case, it asks if it is possible or permitted to visit Mary tonight.

2. I’m not sure where Tom is. He may be at home.
- Explanation: The word "may" is used to suggest a possibility or likelihood. In this case, it suggests that there is a possibility or likelihood that Tom is at home, but the speaker is not certain.

3. May I help you wash the dishes?
- Explanation: The word "may" is used to seek permission or ask for approval. In this case, it asks if it is possible or permitted for the speaker to help in washing the dishes.

4. You don't have to get up early tomorrow. It's a holiday.
- Explanation: The phrase "don't have to" is used to express the absence of necessity or obligation. In this case, it states that there is no necessity or obligation for you to get up early tomorrow because it's a holiday.

5. Mary had a bad cold but she could do all her work at the office.
- Explanation: The word "could" is used to talk about past abilities or skills. In this case, it indicates that despite having a bad cold, Mary was capable of doing all her work at the office.

6. You should go to the dentist if you have a toothache.
- Explanation: The modal verb "should" is used to express advice, suggestion, or recommendation. In this case, it suggests that going to the dentist would be a good idea if you have a toothache.

7. I could climb trees when I was young.
- Explanation: The word "could" is used to talk about past abilities or skills. In this case, it states that the speaker had the ability to climb trees when they were young.

8. May I borrow your pen, please?
- Explanation: The word "may" is used to seek permission or ask for approval. In this case, it asks if it is possible or permitted to borrow the person's pen.