i. fill in the blanks in the following sentences by using appropriate modals.
a) __could/can_ you please tell me the direction to the hotel?
b) you /have pay in cash. they do not accept credit cards.
c) i _may/ come home from the office today.
d) _can/may/ i help you?
e) you _have to/ clean your room.
f) we _should/must__ keep the lights and fans switched off when they are not in use.
g) we _must/can/could/ improve the existing education system.
h) you have a wonderful day!
i) i _may/should/have to/wish go to see the movie. the reviews are good.
j) i definitely be at the airport to receive you.
k) she _should/has to/ take her meals regularly.
l) you _have to/ reach home before eleven, she said.
m) _could/ we go for a walk?
n) the soldiers in the army wear a uniform.
o) there is one more point i _will/may/could/ refer to.
p) you have worked hard. you __will/can/ pass.
q) it is very cloudy. it rain.
r) you be properly dressed when you come to office.
s) _would/will__ you like to come to the party tomorrow?
t) people / not tell lies.

Уважаемый друг по переписке, Меня зовут Светка . Я из России. Это большая страна . Есть много городов , поселков и ферм в России . Столица России Москва . Я живу в Москве. Это большой город . Улицы широкие и длинные в Москве. На улицах вы можете увидеть много людей , машин, больших и высоких домов . Некоторые люди хотели жить в этой стране . В стране, которую вы можете увидеть зеленые поля и холмы, длинные реки и красивые зеленые сады с яблонями . Есть много коров, лошадей и овец на фермах . Дома в стране хороши и маленькие. Наша страна прекрасна ! Приходите к нам ! С наилучшими пожеланиями, Света Белова .

2. I had been waiting for him for 20 minutes when I realised that I was in the wrong restaurant.
3. At the time the factory closed down, Sarah had been working there for five years.
4. The orchestra had been playing for ten minutes when a man in the audience suddenly began shouting. 
5. I had been walking along the road for five minutes when I saw a monster. 

16.3

1. It was very noisy next door. Our neighbours were having a party.
2. We were good friends. We had known each other for a long time.
3. John and I went for a walk. I had difficulty keeping up with him because he was walking so fast.
4. Mary was sitting on the ground. She was out of breath. She had been running.
5. When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table with their mouths full. They were eating.
6. When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table and talking. Their mouths were empty but their stomachs were full. They had eaten.
7. Jim was on his hands and knees on the floor. He was looking for his contact lens.
8. When I arrived, Kate was waiting for me. She was rather annoyed with me because I was late and she had been waiting for a very long time.
9. I was sad when I sold my car. I had had it for a very long time.
10. We were extremely tired at the end of the journey. We had been travelling for more than 24 hours.