Exercise 15.
translate into russian:
fingerprinting.

fingerprinting is the only sure way to confirm the identity of a person who is suspected of crime. when a finger touches the surface of an object, the print of his finger is left on the surface. this is called fingerprint. every fingerprint is unique. this principle is used by all police forces to identify criminals (or sometimes, dead bodies). so, if a suspect arrested doesn’t confess his guilt it may be proved by comparing his fingerprints with those found at the scene and showing, that they are identical. fingerprints are used not only to connect a suspect with the scene, they are also may indicate the identity of the criminal when it is not known if he had been previously fingerprinted and the prints are in the possession of the police. for this reason the prints of the criminals are collected and filed in criminal crime offices. a fingerprint fount at the scene of the crime is sent to the criminal record office to discover whether an identical print has been recorded, the identity of its owner becomes known. in practice all persons, accused of crime are fingerprinted on arrest and before trail.
fingerprints establish identification beyond any doubt. thefts, robberies and murders are often solved with the help of fingerprinting.
other items of physical evidence – direct and indirect
( circumstantial) may also be removed from the crime scene. when they are processed and analyzed by the crime laboratory, they often provide the investigator with the information to establish identification of the offender or a criminal if there are no witnesses.
voiceprinting, handwriting, typewriting are also used for identification purposes. it is interesting to note that it was conan doyle’s idea of tracing and identifying an individual typewriting by means of its peculiarities.